2. Signaling Pathways
  3. Metabolic Enzyme/Protease
  4. Carbonic Anhydrase

Carbonic Anhydrase

Carbonate dehydratase

Carbonic Anhydrase

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Carbonic anhydrase (CA) is a zinc-containing enzyme that catalyzes the reversible hydration of carbon dioxide: CO2 + H2O ⇋ HCO3- + H+. Eight genetically distinct carbonic anhydrase enzyme families (α-, β-, γ- δ-, ζ-, η-, θ- and ι- CAs) were described to date. Carbonic anhydrases are involved in numerous physiological and pathological processes. Many of them are important therapeutic targets with the potential to be inhibited to treat a range of disorders including oedema, glaucoma, obesity, cancer, epilepsy, and osteoporosis.

The carbonic anhydrase reaction is involved in many physiological and pathological processes, including respiration and transport of CO2 and bicarbonate between metabolizing tissues and lungs; pH and CO2 homeostasis; electrolyte secretion in various tissues and organs; biosynthetic reactions (such as gluconeogenesis, lipogenesis, and ureagenesis); bone resorption; calcification; and tumorigenicity. α-CAs are Zn2+ metalloproteins expressed in animals, vertebrates, prokaryotes, fungi, algae, protozoa, and plants. Sixteen mammalian α-CA isoforms are known to be involved in many diseases such as glaucoma, edema, epilepsy, obesity, hypoxic tumors, neuropathic pain, arthritis, neurodegeneration, etc.

Carbonic Anhydrase Isoform Specific Products:

Carbonic Anhydrase Isoform Comparison
Cat. No. Product Name Effect Purity Chemical Structure
  • HY-175223
    CAIX-IN-4
    		Inhibitor
    CAIX-IN-4 (Compound 8b) is a selective carbonic anhydrase IX (CAIX) inhibitor with an IC50 value of 0.32 μM. CAIX-IN-4 is promising for research of cancers such as renal cell carcinoma.
    CAIX-IN-4
  • HY-173194
    Carbonic anhydrase inhibitor 29
    		Inhibitor
    Carbonic anhydrase inhibitor 29 (Compound 5d) is an inhibitor targeting carbonic anhydrase IX (CA IX) and XII (CA XII), with inhibition constants (Ki) of 26.6 nM for CA IX and 10.9 nM for CA XII. Carbonic anhydrase inhibitor 29 can be used in anticancer research.
    Carbonic anhydrase inhibitor 29
  • HY-156181
    hCAIX/XII-IN-8
    		Inhibitor
    hCAIX/XII-IN-8 (compound 3g) is a potent human (carbonic anhydrase) CA IX and XII inhibitor, with Ki values of 8.5 and 6.7 nM, respectively. hCAIX/XII-IN-8 shows particularly strong inhibitory activity against the tumor-associated membrane-bound isoforms, hCA IX and XII, while maintaining a high selectivity ratio over cytosolic off-target isoforms hCA I and II.
    hCAIX/XII-IN-8
  • HY-175638
    Carbonic anhydrase-IN-35
    		Inhibitor
    Carbonic anhydrase-IN-35 is a selective carbonic anhydrase (CA) inhibitor. Carbonic anhydrase-IN-35 potently inhibits tumor-associated hCA IX (Ki = 0.6 nM) and hCA XII (Ki = 2.2 nM). Carbonic anhydrase-IN-35 induces apoptosis in MCF-7 cells by elevating Bax, reducing Bcl-2, and downregulating CDK4/6. Carbonic anhydrase-IN-35 exhibits potent cytotoxicity against MCF-7 (IC50 = 0.3975 μM normoxic/0.6575 μM hypoxic), MCF-7-ADR (IC50> = 0.3975 μM normoxic/4.488 μM hypoxic), MDA-MB-231, and 4T1 breast cancer cells. Carbonic anhydrase-IN-35 can be used for the study of breast cancer.
    Carbonic anhydrase-IN-35
  • HY-144376
    Carbonic anhydrase inhibitor 4
    		Inhibitor
    Carbonic anhydrase inhibitor 4 is carbonic anhydrase photoprobe/inhibitor. Carbonic anhydrase inhibitor 4 is against human carbonic anhydrases (hCA I-XIV) with Ki values of 640-1166 nM.
    Carbonic anhydrase inhibitor 4
  • HY-159128
    hCAIX-IN-21
    		Inhibitor
    hCAIX-IN-21 (compound 16c) is a potent hCAIX inhibitor with KI values of 5.2, 3.5, 12.6, 13600 nM for hCAIX, hCA II, hCA XII, hCA I, respectively. hCAIX-IN-21 inhibits cathepsin B enzyme activity.
    hCAIX-IN-21
  • HY-B0553S
    Methazolamide-d6
    		Inhibitor
    Methazolamide-d6 is the deuterium labeled Methazolamide. Methazolamide (L584601) is a sulfonamide derivative used as a carbonic anhydrase inhibitor with a Ki of 14 nM for human carbonic anhydrase II. Methazolamide, an intraocular pressure-lowering agent, reduces intraocular pressure elevations associated with glaucoma and other ocular disorders.
    Methazolamide-d<sub>6</sub>
  • HY-174457
    STAT3/CAIX-IN-1
    		Inhibitor
    STAT3/CAIX-IN-1 is a dual-target inhibitor of STAT3 (Kd: 60.03 μM) and CAIX (IC50: 80.45 nM). STAT3/CAIX-IN-1 induces ferroptosis by increases the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and lipid peroxides. STAT3/CAIX-IN-1 inhibits cell migration, induces apoptosis, and causes cell cycle arrest in MDA-MB-231 cells. STAT3/CAIX-IN-1 can be used for the study of triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC).
    STAT3/CAIX-IN-1
  • HY-170551
    CA IX/VEGFR-2-IN-3
    		Inhibitor
    CA IX/VEGFR-2-IN-3 (Compound 6i) is an inhibitor of Carbonic Anhydrase IX and VEGFR-2, with IC50 values of 41 and 48 nM, respectively. CA IX/VEGFR-2-IN-3 exhibits anticancer activity, inhibiting the growth of MCF-7 breast cancer cells (with an IC50 of 22.33 μM) and mouse fibroblast cell line 3T3 (where cell viability is less than 40% at a concentration of 100 μM). CA IX/VEGFR-2-IN-3 can be used for research in the field of cancer treatment.
    CA IX/VEGFR-2-IN-3
  • HY-147827
    hCAIX-IN-10
    		Inhibitor
    hCAIX-IN-10 (Compound 6i) is a selective carbonic anhydrase IX and XII inhibitor with Ki s of 61.5 and 586.8 nM for hCA IX and hCA XII, respectively.  hCA IX and hCA XII are transmembrane isoforms which have been characterized as biomarkers for several types of tumors. The hCA XII assists in maintenance of acid-base homoeostasis in normal as well as tumor cells.
    hCAIX-IN-10
  • HY-163691
    Antitumor agent-163
    		Inhibitor
    Antitumor agent-163 (Compound 3) is a photosensitizer used in Molecular-Targeted Photodynamic Therapy (MT-PDT) targeting carbonic anhydrase IX (CAIX). Antitumor agent-163 inactivates CAIX protein via singlet oxygen under 540 nm wavelength light, without affecting internal standard proteins such as α-tubulin, β-actin, and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA). Antitumor agent-163 induces cell membrane damage, inhibits cell viability (IC50 is 0.2 and 0.05 μM for A549 and U87MG). Antitumor agent-163 exhibits antitumor efficacy in mouse model.
    Antitumor agent-163
  • HY-146252
    hCAXII-IN-4
    		Inhibitor
    hCAXII-IN-4 (compound 5j) is a potent and selective CA XII inhibitor with an Ki value of 6.4 nM for human CA XII.
    hCAXII-IN-4
  • HY-144640
    Carbonic anhydrase inhibitor 6
    		Inhibitor
    Carbonic anhydrase inhibitor 6 (compound 9b) is a potent inhibitor of human carbonic anhydrase (hCA), with Kis of 9.7 nM, 35.2 nM, 88.5 nM, and 91.8 nM for hCA IX, hCA II, hCA XII and hCA I, respectively.
    Carbonic anhydrase inhibitor 6
  • HY-146008
    hCAII-IN-3
    		Inhibitor
    hCAII-IN-3 (Compound 16) is a human carbonic anhydrase (hCA) inhibitor with Ki values of 403.8, 5.1, 10.2 and 5.2 nM against hCA I, hCA II, hCA IX and hCA XII, respectively. hCA IX-IN-2 shows anticancer activity.
    hCAII-IN-3
  • HY-161507
    hCAI/II-IN-8
    		Inhibitor
    hCAI/II-IN-8 (Compound 8) is a hydrazide derivative based on 4-hydroxybenzaldehyde. hCAI/II-IN-8 primarily targets human carbonic anhydrase isomerase I (hCA I) and II (hCA II) for inhibition (IC50 = 21.35 ± 0.39 nM (hCA I); 7.12 ± 0.12 nM (hCA II)). hCAI/II-IN-8 inhibits AChE and BChE as well(IC50 = 46.27 ±0.75 nM (AChE); 43.38 ± 0.83 nM (BChE)). ..
    hCAI/II-IN-8
  • HY-168030
    hCAIX-IN-23
    		Inhibitor
    hCAIX-IN-23 (Compound 27) is a human carbonic anhydrase (hCA) inhibitor with Ki values of 10.4 and 8.5 nM for hCA IX and hCA XII, respectively. In addition to inhibiting hCA activity, hCAIX-IN-23 releases NO, exhibiting dual antitumor activity. hCAIX-IN-23 induces apoptosis by regulating mitochondrial caspase activity and the ferroptosis pathway (ferroptosis) through the downregulation of hCA IX and iron-regulatory protein expression. hCAIX-IN-23 is useful for renal cancer research.
    hCAIX-IN-23
  • HY-169195
    CAIX/CAXII-IN-3
    		Inhibitor
    CAIX/CAXII-IN-3 (compound 11) is an inhibitor of CAIX/CAXII, with an IC50 value of less than 65 nM. CAIX/CAXII-IN-3 inhibits the proliferation of human melanoma cells.
    CAIX/CAXII-IN-3
  • HY-146982
    hCAII-IN-1
    		Inhibitor
    hCAII-IN-1 (compound 7f) is a potent and selective inhibitor of carbonic anhydrase (CA II/IX) with Kis of 1.2 and 113.6 nM, respectively. hCAII-IN-1 has the potential for the research of cancer diseases.
    hCAII-IN-1
  • HY-151630
    hCAIX-IN-16
    		Inhibitor
    hCAIX-IN-16 (Compound 12d) is hCA IX inhibitor, with Ki values of 190.0 and 187.9 nM for hCA IX and hCA XII, respectively. hCAIX-IN-16 can arrest the cell cycle of breast cancer MDA-MB-468 in G0-G1 and S phase and induce apoptosis. hCAIX-IN-16 shows good broad-spectrum anticancer activity and can be used for cancer research.
    hCAIX-IN-16
  • HY-173394
    hCAIX/XII-IN-15
    		Inhibitor
    hCAIX/XII-IN-15 (Compound 17β) is an inhibitor of hCA IX and hCA XII, with Kis of 0.42 and 4.37 μM respectively. hCAIX/XII-IN-15 has pro-apoptotic effect in multiple myeloma cells.
    hCAIX/XII-IN-15
Cat. No. Product Name / Synonyms Species Source
Carbonic Anhydrase Isoform Comparison

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